diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index a7e41e9..1b6a118 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # AGENTS
 
-Always read `README.md` and `docs/meta-arch.md` when new chat created.
+Always read [`README.md`](README.md) and [`meta-arch.md`](docs/meta-arch.md) when new chat created.
 
 Additionally read relevant files depends on task.
 
 * If want to modify use cases (files at `test/features/*.feature`)
-    * read `docs/FRs.md`
+    * read [`FRs.md`](docs/FRs.md)
 * If want to modify code (implement or test) of `View` of MVVM (UI widget) (files at `lib/ui/features/*/widgets/*`)
-    * read `docs/wireframe.md`, `docs/NFRs.md`, `test/features/*.feature`
+    * read [`wireframe.md`](docs/wireframe.md), [`NFRs.md`](docs/NFRs.md), `test/features/*.feature`
 * If want to modify code (implement or test) of non-View e.g. `Model`, `View Model`, services...
-    * read `test/features/*.feature`, `docs/NFRs.md`
+    * read `test/features/*.feature`, [`NFRs.md`](docs/NFRs.md)
diff --git a/integration_test/export_flow_test.dart b/integration_test/export_flow_test.dart
index 3896904..00a5d8d 100644
--- a/integration_test/export_flow_test.dart
+++ b/integration_test/export_flow_test.dart
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ void main() {
     final pdf = container.read(pdfProvider);
     container
         .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-        .addPlacement(page: pdf.currentPage, rect: r, image: imageId);
+        .addPlacement(page: pdf.currentPage, rect: r, imageId: imageId);
     container.read(signatureProvider.notifier).clearActiveOverlay();
     await tester.pumpAndSettle();
 
diff --git a/lib/data/model/model.dart b/lib/data/model/model.dart
index 256bc2b..df11209 100644
--- a/lib/data/model/model.dart
+++ b/lib/data/model/model.dart
@@ -1,6 +1,35 @@
 import 'dart:typed_data';
 import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
 
+/// Represents a single signature placement on a page combining both the
+/// geometric rectangle (UI coordinate space) and the identifier of the
+/// image/signature asset assigned to that placement.
+class SignaturePlacement {
+  final Rect rect;
+
+  /// Rotation in degrees to apply when rendering/exporting this placement.
+  final double rotationDeg;
+
+  /// Identifier of the image (e.g., filename / asset id) assigned to this placement.
+  /// Nullable to allow a placement reserved before an image is chosen.
+  final String? imageId;
+  const SignaturePlacement({
+    required this.rect,
+    this.imageId,
+    this.rotationDeg = 0.0,
+  });
+
+  SignaturePlacement copyWith({
+    Rect? rect,
+    String? imageId,
+    double? rotationDeg,
+  }) => SignaturePlacement(
+    rect: rect ?? this.rect,
+    imageId: imageId ?? this.imageId,
+    rotationDeg: rotationDeg ?? this.rotationDeg,
+  );
+}
+
 class PdfState {
   final bool loaded;
   final int pageCount;
@@ -8,10 +37,8 @@ class PdfState {
   final String? pickedPdfPath;
   final Uint8List? pickedPdfBytes;
   final int? signedPage;
-  // Multiple signature placements per page, stored as UI-space rects (e.g., 400x560)
-  final Map<int, List<Rect>> placementsByPage;
-  // For each placement, store the assigned image identifier (e.g., filename) in the same index order.
-  final Map<int, List<String>> placementImageByPage;
+  // Multiple signature placements per page, each combines geometry and optional image id.
+  final Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>> placementsByPage;
   // UI state: selected placement index on the current page (if any)
   final int? selectedPlacementIndex;
   const PdfState({
@@ -22,7 +49,6 @@ class PdfState {
     this.pickedPdfBytes,
     this.signedPage,
     this.placementsByPage = const {},
-    this.placementImageByPage = const {},
     this.selectedPlacementIndex,
   });
   factory PdfState.initial() => const PdfState(
@@ -32,7 +58,6 @@ class PdfState {
     pickedPdfBytes: null,
     signedPage: null,
     placementsByPage: {},
-    placementImageByPage: {},
     selectedPlacementIndex: null,
   );
   PdfState copyWith({
@@ -42,8 +67,7 @@ class PdfState {
     String? pickedPdfPath,
     Uint8List? pickedPdfBytes,
     int? signedPage,
-    Map<int, List<Rect>>? placementsByPage,
-    Map<int, List<String>>? placementImageByPage,
+    Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>? placementsByPage,
     int? selectedPlacementIndex,
   }) => PdfState(
     loaded: loaded ?? this.loaded,
@@ -53,7 +77,6 @@ class PdfState {
     pickedPdfBytes: pickedPdfBytes ?? this.pickedPdfBytes,
     signedPage: signedPage ?? this.signedPage,
     placementsByPage: placementsByPage ?? this.placementsByPage,
-    placementImageByPage: placementImageByPage ?? this.placementImageByPage,
     selectedPlacementIndex:
         selectedPlacementIndex ?? this.selectedPlacementIndex,
   );
diff --git a/lib/data/services/export_service.dart b/lib/data/services/export_service.dart
index 9370300..0ace6a8 100644
--- a/lib/data/services/export_service.dart
+++ b/lib/data/services/export_service.dart
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import 'package:pdf/widgets.dart' as pw;
 import 'package:pdf/pdf.dart' as pdf;
 import 'package:printing/printing.dart' as printing;
 import 'package:image/image.dart' as img;
+import '../model/model.dart';
 
 // NOTE:
 // - This exporter uses a raster snapshot of the UI (RepaintBoundary) and embeds it into a new PDF.
@@ -32,8 +33,7 @@ class ExportService {
     required Rect? signatureRectUi,
     required Size uiPageSize,
     required Uint8List? signatureImageBytes,
-    Map<int, List<Rect>>? placementsByPage,
-    Map<int, List<String>>? placementImageByPage,
+    Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>? placementsByPage,
     Map<String, Uint8List>? libraryBytes,
     double targetDpi = 144.0,
   }) async {
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class ExportService {
       uiPageSize: uiPageSize,
       signatureImageBytes: signatureImageBytes,
       placementsByPage: placementsByPage,
-      placementImageByPage: placementImageByPage,
       libraryBytes: libraryBytes,
       targetDpi: targetDpi,
     );
@@ -76,8 +75,7 @@ class ExportService {
     required Rect? signatureRectUi,
     required Size uiPageSize,
     required Uint8List? signatureImageBytes,
-    Map<int, List<Rect>>? placementsByPage,
-    Map<int, List<String>>? placementImageByPage,
+    Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>? placementsByPage,
     Map<String, Uint8List>? libraryBytes,
     double targetDpi = 144.0,
   }) async {
@@ -104,12 +102,8 @@ class ExportService {
             (placementsByPage != null && placementsByPage.isNotEmpty);
         final pagePlacements =
             hasMulti
-                ? (placementsByPage[pageIndex] ?? const <Rect>[])
-                : const <Rect>[];
-        final pageImageIds =
-            hasMulti
-                ? (placementImageByPage?[pageIndex] ?? const <String>[])
-                : const <String>[];
+                ? (placementsByPage[pageIndex] ?? const <SignaturePlacement>[])
+                : const <SignaturePlacement>[];
         final shouldStampSingle =
             !hasMulti &&
             signedPage != null &&
@@ -147,18 +141,18 @@ class ExportService {
               // Multi-placement stamping: per-placement image from libraryBytes
               if (hasMulti && pagePlacements.isNotEmpty) {
                 for (var i = 0; i < pagePlacements.length; i++) {
-                  final r = pagePlacements[i];
+                  final placement = pagePlacements[i];
+                  final r = placement.rect;
                   final left = r.left / uiPageSize.width * widthPts;
                   final top = r.top / uiPageSize.height * heightPts;
                   final w = r.width / uiPageSize.width * widthPts;
                   final h = r.height / uiPageSize.height * heightPts;
                   Uint8List? bytes;
-                  if (i < pageImageIds.length) {
-                    final id = pageImageIds[i];
+                  final id = placement.imageId;
+                  if (id != null) {
                     bytes = libraryBytes?[id];
                   }
-                  bytes ??=
-                      signatureImageBytes; // fallback to single image if provided
+                  bytes ??= signatureImageBytes; // fallback
                   if (bytes != null && bytes.isNotEmpty) {
                     pw.MemoryImage? imgObj;
                     try {
@@ -176,7 +170,13 @@ class ExportService {
                             height: h,
                             child: pw.FittedBox(
                               fit: pw.BoxFit.contain,
-                              child: pw.Image(imgObj),
+                              child: pw.Transform.rotate(
+                                angle:
+                                    placement.rotationDeg *
+                                    3.1415926535 /
+                                    180.0,
+                                child: pw.Image(imgObj),
+                              ),
                             ),
                           ),
                         ),
@@ -222,11 +222,9 @@ class ExportService {
       final hasMulti =
           (placementsByPage != null && placementsByPage.isNotEmpty);
       final pagePlacements =
-          hasMulti ? (placementsByPage[1] ?? const <Rect>[]) : const <Rect>[];
-      final pageImageIds =
           hasMulti
-              ? (placementImageByPage?[1] ?? const <String>[])
-              : const <String>[];
+              ? (placementsByPage[1] ?? const <SignaturePlacement>[])
+              : const <SignaturePlacement>[];
       final shouldStampSingle =
           !hasMulti &&
           signedPage != null &&
@@ -270,18 +268,18 @@ class ExportService {
             // Multi-placement stamping on fallback page
             if (hasMulti && pagePlacements.isNotEmpty) {
               for (var i = 0; i < pagePlacements.length; i++) {
-                final r = pagePlacements[i];
+                final placement = pagePlacements[i];
+                final r = placement.rect;
                 final left = r.left / uiPageSize.width * widthPts;
                 final top = r.top / uiPageSize.height * heightPts;
                 final w = r.width / uiPageSize.width * widthPts;
                 final h = r.height / uiPageSize.height * heightPts;
                 Uint8List? bytes;
-                if (i < pageImageIds.length) {
-                  final id = pageImageIds[i];
+                final id = placement.imageId;
+                if (id != null) {
                   bytes = libraryBytes?[id];
                 }
-                bytes ??=
-                    signatureImageBytes; // fallback to single image if provided
+                bytes ??= signatureImageBytes; // fallback
                 if (bytes != null && bytes.isNotEmpty) {
                   pw.MemoryImage? imgObj;
                   try {
@@ -313,7 +311,11 @@ class ExportService {
                           height: h,
                           child: pw.FittedBox(
                             fit: pw.BoxFit.contain,
-                            child: pw.Image(imgObj),
+                            child: pw.Transform.rotate(
+                              angle:
+                                  placement.rotationDeg * 3.1415926535 / 180.0,
+                              child: pw.Image(imgObj),
+                            ),
                           ),
                         ),
                       ),
diff --git a/lib/ui/features/pdf/view_model/pdf_controller.dart b/lib/ui/features/pdf/view_model/pdf_controller.dart
index 5fa3f53..ece2a5d 100644
--- a/lib/ui/features/pdf/view_model/pdf_controller.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/features/pdf/view_model/pdf_controller.dart
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ class PdfController extends StateNotifier<PdfState> {
       pickedPdfPath: null,
       signedPage: null,
       placementsByPage: {},
-      placementImageByPage: {},
       selectedPlacementIndex: null,
     );
   }
@@ -35,7 +34,6 @@ class PdfController extends StateNotifier<PdfState> {
       pickedPdfBytes: bytes,
       signedPage: null,
       placementsByPage: {},
-      placementImageByPage: {},
       selectedPlacementIndex: null,
     );
   }
@@ -67,49 +65,54 @@ class PdfController extends StateNotifier<PdfState> {
   void addPlacement({
     required int page,
     required Rect rect,
-    String image = 'default.png',
+    String? imageId = 'default.png',
+    double rotationDeg = 0.0,
   }) {
     if (!state.loaded) return;
     final p = page.clamp(1, state.pageCount);
-    final map = Map<int, List<Rect>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
-    final list = List<Rect>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
-    list.add(rect);
-    map[p] = list;
-    // Sync image mapping list
-    final imgMap = Map<int, List<String>>.from(state.placementImageByPage);
-    final imgList = List<String>.from(imgMap[p] ?? const []);
-    imgList.add(image);
-    imgMap[p] = imgList;
-    state = state.copyWith(
-      placementsByPage: map,
-      placementImageByPage: imgMap,
-      selectedPlacementIndex: null,
+    final map = Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
+    final list = List<SignaturePlacement>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
+    list.add(
+      SignaturePlacement(
+        rect: rect,
+        imageId: imageId,
+        rotationDeg: rotationDeg,
+      ),
     );
+    map[p] = list;
+    state = state.copyWith(placementsByPage: map, selectedPlacementIndex: null);
+  }
+
+  void updatePlacementRotation({
+    required int page,
+    required int index,
+    required double rotationDeg,
+  }) {
+    if (!state.loaded) return;
+    final p = page.clamp(1, state.pageCount);
+    final map = Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
+    final list = List<SignaturePlacement>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
+    if (index >= 0 && index < list.length) {
+      list[index] = list[index].copyWith(rotationDeg: rotationDeg);
+      map[p] = list;
+      state = state.copyWith(placementsByPage: map);
+    }
   }
 
   void removePlacement({required int page, required int index}) {
     if (!state.loaded) return;
     final p = page.clamp(1, state.pageCount);
-    final map = Map<int, List<Rect>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
-    final list = List<Rect>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
+    final map = Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
+    final list = List<SignaturePlacement>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
     if (index >= 0 && index < list.length) {
       list.removeAt(index);
-      // Sync image mapping
-      final imgMap = Map<int, List<String>>.from(state.placementImageByPage);
-      final imgList = List<String>.from(imgMap[p] ?? const []);
-      if (index >= 0 && index < imgList.length) {
-        imgList.removeAt(index);
-      }
       if (list.isEmpty) {
         map.remove(p);
-        imgMap.remove(p);
       } else {
         map[p] = list;
-        imgMap[p] = imgList;
       }
       state = state.copyWith(
         placementsByPage: map,
-        placementImageByPage: imgMap,
         selectedPlacementIndex: null,
       );
     }
@@ -123,17 +126,20 @@ class PdfController extends StateNotifier<PdfState> {
   }) {
     if (!state.loaded) return;
     final p = page.clamp(1, state.pageCount);
-    final map = Map<int, List<Rect>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
-    final list = List<Rect>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
+    final map = Map<int, List<SignaturePlacement>>.from(state.placementsByPage);
+    final list = List<SignaturePlacement>.from(map[p] ?? const []);
     if (index >= 0 && index < list.length) {
-      list[index] = rect;
+      final existing = list[index];
+      list[index] = existing.copyWith(rect: rect);
       map[p] = list;
       state = state.copyWith(placementsByPage: map);
     }
   }
 
-  List<Rect> placementsOn(int page) {
-    return List<Rect>.from(state.placementsByPage[page] ?? const []);
+  List<SignaturePlacement> placementsOn(int page) {
+    return List<SignaturePlacement>.from(
+      state.placementsByPage[page] ?? const [],
+    );
   }
 
   void selectPlacement(int? index) {
@@ -161,9 +167,9 @@ class PdfController extends StateNotifier<PdfState> {
 
   // Convenience to get image name for a placement
   String? imageOfPlacement({required int page, required int index}) {
-    final list = state.placementImageByPage[page] ?? const [];
+    final list = state.placementsByPage[page] ?? const [];
     if (index < 0 || index >= list.length) return null;
-    return list[index];
+    return list[index].imageId;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_page_overlays.dart b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_page_overlays.dart
index 16587ff..c68e188 100644
--- a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_page_overlays.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_page_overlays.dart
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_riverpod/flutter_riverpod.dart';
 
 import '../../signature/view_model/signature_controller.dart';
+import '../../../../data/model/model.dart';
 import '../view_model/pdf_controller.dart';
 import 'signature_overlay.dart';
 
@@ -30,12 +31,13 @@ class PdfPageOverlays extends ConsumerWidget {
   Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
     final pdf = ref.watch(pdfProvider);
     final sig = ref.watch(signatureProvider);
-    final placed = pdf.placementsByPage[pageNumber] ?? const <Rect>[];
+    final placed =
+        pdf.placementsByPage[pageNumber] ?? const <SignaturePlacement>[];
     final widgets = <Widget>[];
 
     for (int i = 0; i < placed.length; i++) {
       // Stored as UI-space rects (SignatureController.pageSize).
-      final uiRect = placed[i];
+      final uiRect = placed[i].rect;
       widgets.add(
         SignatureOverlay(
           pageSize: pageSize,
diff --git a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_screen.dart b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_screen.dart
index e316ba2..2e62436 100644
--- a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_screen.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/pdf_screen.dart
@@ -174,7 +174,6 @@ class _PdfSignatureHomePageState extends ConsumerState<PdfSignatureHomePage> {
             uiPageSize: SignatureController.pageSize,
             signatureImageBytes: rotated,
             placementsByPage: pdf.placementsByPage,
-            placementImageByPage: pdf.placementImageByPage,
             libraryBytes: {
               for (final a in ref.read(signatureLibraryProvider)) a.id: a.bytes,
             },
@@ -211,7 +210,6 @@ class _PdfSignatureHomePageState extends ConsumerState<PdfSignatureHomePage> {
             uiPageSize: SignatureController.pageSize,
             signatureImageBytes: rotated,
             placementsByPage: pdf.placementsByPage,
-            placementImageByPage: pdf.placementImageByPage,
             libraryBytes: {
               for (final a in ref.read(signatureLibraryProvider)) a.id: a.bytes,
             },
@@ -242,7 +240,6 @@ class _PdfSignatureHomePageState extends ConsumerState<PdfSignatureHomePage> {
               uiPageSize: SignatureController.pageSize,
               signatureImageBytes: rotated,
               placementsByPage: pdf.placementsByPage,
-              placementImageByPage: pdf.placementImageByPage,
               libraryBytes: {
                 for (final a in ref.read(signatureLibraryProvider))
                   a.id: a.bytes,
diff --git a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/signature_overlay.dart b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/signature_overlay.dart
index 81363af..3c82e76 100644
--- a/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/signature_overlay.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/features/pdf/widgets/signature_overlay.dart
@@ -253,11 +253,12 @@ class _SignatureImage extends ConsumerWidget {
       final processed = ref.watch(processedSignatureImageProvider);
       bytes = processed ?? sig.imageBytes;
     } else if (placedIndex != null) {
-      // Use the image assigned to this placement
-      final imgId = ref
-          .read(pdfProvider)
-          .placementImageByPage[pageNumber]
-          ?.elementAt(placedIndex!);
+      final placementList = ref.read(pdfProvider).placementsByPage[pageNumber];
+      final placement =
+          (placementList != null && placedIndex! < placementList.length)
+              ? placementList[placedIndex!]
+              : null;
+      final imgId = placement?.imageId;
       if (imgId != null) {
         final lib = ref.watch(signatureLibraryProvider);
         for (final a in lib) {
@@ -267,7 +268,6 @@ class _SignatureImage extends ConsumerWidget {
           }
         }
       }
-      // Fallback to current processed
       bytes ??= ref.read(processedSignatureImageProvider) ?? sig.imageBytes;
     }
 
@@ -281,9 +281,19 @@ class _SignatureImage extends ConsumerWidget {
       return Center(child: Text(label));
     }
 
+    // Use live rotation for interactive overlay; stored rotation for placed
+    double rotationDeg = 0.0;
+    if (interactive) {
+      rotationDeg = sig.rotation;
+    } else if (placedIndex != null) {
+      final placementList = ref.read(pdfProvider).placementsByPage[pageNumber];
+      if (placementList != null && placedIndex! < placementList.length) {
+        rotationDeg = placementList[placedIndex!].rotationDeg;
+      }
+    }
     return RotatedSignatureImage(
       bytes: bytes,
-      rotationDeg: interactive ? sig.rotation : 0.0,
+      rotationDeg: rotationDeg,
       enableAngleAwareScale: interactive,
       fit: BoxFit.contain,
       wrapInRepaintBoundary: true,
diff --git a/lib/ui/features/signature/view_model/signature_controller.dart b/lib/ui/features/signature/view_model/signature_controller.dart
index b6c5997..4454c0f 100644
--- a/lib/ui/features/signature/view_model/signature_controller.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/features/signature/view_model/signature_controller.dart
@@ -21,17 +21,13 @@ class SignatureController extends StateNotifier<SignatureState> {
   @visibleForTesting
   void placeDefaultRect() {
     final w = 120.0, h = 60.0;
-    state = state.copyWith(
-      rect: Rect.fromCenter(
-        center: Offset(
-          (pageSize.width / 2) * (Random().nextDouble() * 1.5 + 1),
-          (pageSize.height / 2) * (Random().nextDouble() * 1.5 + 1),
-        ),
-        width: w,
-        height: h,
-      ),
-      editingEnabled: true,
-    );
+    final rand = Random();
+    // Generate a center within 10%..90% of each axis to reduce off-screen risk
+    final cx = pageSize.width * (0.1 + rand.nextDouble() * 0.8);
+    final cy = pageSize.height * (0.1 + rand.nextDouble() * 0.8);
+    Rect r = Rect.fromCenter(center: Offset(cx, cy), width: w, height: h);
+    r = _clampRectToPage(r);
+    state = state.copyWith(rect: r, editingEnabled: true);
   }
 
   void loadSample() {
@@ -181,37 +177,20 @@ class SignatureController extends StateNotifier<SignatureState> {
     if (!pdf.loaded) return null;
     // Bind the processed image at placement time (so placed preview matches adjustments).
     // If processed bytes exist, always create a new asset for this placement.
-    String id = '';
-    // Compose final bytes for placement: apply adjustments (processed) then rotation.
-    Uint8List? srcBytes = ref.read(processedSignatureImageProvider);
-    srcBytes ??= state.imageBytes;
-    // If still null, fall back to asset reference only.
-    if (srcBytes != null && srcBytes.isNotEmpty) {
-      final rot = state.rotation % 360;
-      Uint8List finalBytes = srcBytes;
-      if (rot != 0) {
-        try {
-          final decoded = img.decodeImage(srcBytes);
-          if (decoded != null) {
-            var out = img.copyRotate(
-              decoded,
-              angle: rot,
-              interpolation: img.Interpolation.linear,
-            );
-            finalBytes = Uint8List.fromList(img.encodePng(out, level: 6));
-          }
-        } catch (_) {}
-      }
-      id = ref
-          .read(signatureLibraryProvider.notifier)
-          .add(finalBytes, name: 'image');
-    } else {
-      id = state.assetId ?? 'default.png';
-    }
+    // Prefer reusing an existing library asset id when the active overlay is
+    // based on a library item. If there is no library asset, do NOT create
+    // a new library card here — keep the placement's image id empty so the
+    // UI and exporter will fall back to using the processed/current bytes.
+    String id = state.assetId ?? '';
     // Store as UI-space rect (consistent with export and rendering paths)
     ref
         .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-        .addPlacement(page: pdf.currentPage, rect: r, image: id);
+        .addPlacement(
+          page: pdf.currentPage,
+          rect: r,
+          imageId: id,
+          rotationDeg: state.rotation,
+        );
     // Newly placed index is the last one on the page
     final idx =
         (ref.read(pdfProvider).placementsByPage[pdf.currentPage]?.length ?? 1) -
@@ -227,39 +206,23 @@ class SignatureController extends StateNotifier<SignatureState> {
 
   // Test/helper variant: confirm using a ProviderContainer instead of WidgetRef.
   // Useful in widget tests where obtaining a WidgetRef is not straightforward.
+  @visibleForTesting
   Rect? confirmCurrentSignatureWithContainer(ProviderContainer container) {
     final r = state.rect;
     if (r == null) return null;
     final pdf = container.read(pdfProvider);
     if (!pdf.loaded) return null;
-    String id = '';
-    Uint8List? srcBytes = container.read(processedSignatureImageProvider);
-    srcBytes ??= state.imageBytes;
-    if (srcBytes != null && srcBytes.isNotEmpty) {
-      final rot = state.rotation % 360;
-      Uint8List finalBytes = srcBytes;
-      if (rot != 0) {
-        try {
-          final decoded = img.decodeImage(srcBytes);
-          if (decoded != null) {
-            var out = img.copyRotate(
-              decoded,
-              angle: rot,
-              interpolation: img.Interpolation.linear,
-            );
-            finalBytes = Uint8List.fromList(img.encodePng(out, level: 6));
-          }
-        } catch (_) {}
-      }
-      id = container
-          .read(signatureLibraryProvider.notifier)
-          .add(finalBytes, name: 'image');
-    } else {
-      id = state.assetId ?? 'default.png';
-    }
+    // Reuse existing library id if present; otherwise leave empty so the
+    // placement will reference the current bytes via fallback paths.
+    String id = state.assetId ?? '';
     container
         .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-        .addPlacement(page: pdf.currentPage, rect: r, image: id);
+        .addPlacement(
+          page: pdf.currentPage,
+          rect: r,
+          imageId: id,
+          rotationDeg: state.rotation,
+        );
     final idx =
         (container
                 .read(pdfProvider)
diff --git a/test/features/step/a_signature_is_placed_on_page.dart b/test/features/step/a_signature_is_placed_on_page.dart
index b919cae..7f7b0bb 100644
--- a/test/features/step/a_signature_is_placed_on_page.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/a_signature_is_placed_on_page.dart
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ Future<void> aSignatureIsPlacedOnPage(WidgetTester tester, num page) async {
   final Rect r = container.read(signatureProvider).rect!;
   container
       .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, image: 'default.png');
+      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, imageId: 'default.png');
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/adjusting_one_instance_does_not_affect_the_others.dart b/test/features/step/adjusting_one_instance_does_not_affect_the_others.dart
index 7edfe7c..0171449 100644
--- a/test/features/step/adjusting_one_instance_does_not_affect_the_others.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/adjusting_one_instance_does_not_affect_the_others.dart
@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@ Future<void> adjustingOneInstanceDoesNotAffectTheOthers(
   final container = TestWorld.container ?? ProviderContainer();
   final before = container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).placementsOn(2);
   expect(before.length, greaterThanOrEqualTo(2));
-  final modified = before[0].translate(5, 0).inflate(3);
+  final modified = before[0].rect.translate(5, 0).inflate(3);
   container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).removePlacement(page: 2, index: 0);
-  container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).addPlacement(page: 2, rect: modified);
+  container
+      .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
+      .addPlacement(page: 2, rect: modified, imageId: before[0].imageId);
   final after = container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).placementsOn(2);
-  expect(after.any((r) => r == before[1]), isTrue);
+  expect(after.any((p) => p.rect == before[1].rect), isTrue);
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/dragging_or_resizing_one_does_not_change_the_other.dart b/test/features/step/dragging_or_resizing_one_does_not_change_the_other.dart
index 0cd019a..3285d78 100644
--- a/test/features/step/dragging_or_resizing_one_does_not_change_the_other.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/dragging_or_resizing_one_does_not_change_the_other.dart
@@ -11,11 +11,18 @@ Future<void> draggingOrResizingOneDoesNotChangeTheOther(
   final container = TestWorld.container ?? ProviderContainer();
   final list = container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).placementsOn(1);
   expect(list.length, greaterThanOrEqualTo(2));
-  final before = List<Rect>.from(list.take(2));
+  final before = List<Rect>.from(list.take(2).map((p) => p.rect));
   // Simulate changing the first only
   final changed = before[0].inflate(5);
   container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).removePlacement(page: 1, index: 0);
-  container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).addPlacement(page: 1, rect: changed);
+  container
+      .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
+      .addPlacement(
+        page: 1,
+        rect: changed,
+        imageId: list[1].imageId,
+        rotationDeg: list[1].rotationDeg,
+      );
   final after = container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).placementsOn(1);
-  expect(after.any((r) => r == before[1]), isTrue);
+  expect(after.any((p) => p.rect == before[1]), isTrue);
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/each_signature_can_be_dragged_and_resized_independently.dart b/test/features/step/each_signature_can_be_dragged_and_resized_independently.dart
index ddd9d4a..882d2c6 100644
--- a/test/features/step/each_signature_can_be_dragged_and_resized_independently.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/each_signature_can_be_dragged_and_resized_independently.dart
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ Future<void> eachSignatureCanBeDraggedAndResizedIndependently(
   final list = container.read(pdfProvider.notifier).placementsOn(1);
   expect(list.length, greaterThanOrEqualTo(2));
   // Independence is modeled by distinct rects; ensure not equal and both within page
-  expect(list[0], isNot(equals(list[1])));
-  for (final r in list.take(2)) {
-    expect(r.left, greaterThanOrEqualTo(0));
-    expect(r.top, greaterThanOrEqualTo(0));
+  expect(list[0].rect, isNot(equals(list[1].rect)));
+  for (final p in list.take(2)) {
+    expect(p.rect.left, greaterThanOrEqualTo(0));
+    expect(p.rect.top, greaterThanOrEqualTo(0));
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/the_user_navigates_to_page_and_places_another_signature.dart b/test/features/step/the_user_navigates_to_page_and_places_another_signature.dart
index a846815..6a9eefa 100644
--- a/test/features/step/the_user_navigates_to_page_and_places_another_signature.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/the_user_navigates_to_page_and_places_another_signature.dart
@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ Future<void> theUserNavigatesToPageAndPlacesAnotherSignature(
   final Rect r = container.read(signatureProvider).rect!;
   container
       .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, image: 'default.png');
+      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, imageId: 'default.png');
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_from_picture_on_page.dart b/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_from_picture_on_page.dart
index df4e749..a43ff9d 100644
--- a/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_from_picture_on_page.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_from_picture_on_page.dart
@@ -54,5 +54,5 @@ Future<void> theUserPlacesASignatureFromPictureOnPage(
               ((TestWorld.placeFromPictureCallCount <= 1) ? 1 : 3);
   container
       .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-      .addPlacement(page: page, rect: r, image: name);
+      .addPlacement(page: page, rect: r, imageId: name);
 }
diff --git a/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_on_page.dart b/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_on_page.dart
index 576326a..b980692 100644
--- a/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_on_page.dart
+++ b/test/features/step/the_user_places_a_signature_on_page.dart
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ Future<void> theUserPlacesASignatureOnPage(
   final Rect r = container.read(signatureProvider).rect!;
   container
       .read(pdfProvider.notifier)
-      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, image: 'default.png');
+      .addPlacement(page: page.toInt(), rect: r, imageId: 'default.png');
 }
diff --git a/test/widget/regression_signature_tests.dart b/test/widget/regression_signature_tests.dart
index 5509cbe..30f33a8 100644
--- a/test/widget/regression_signature_tests.dart
+++ b/test/widget/regression_signature_tests.dart
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ void main() {
     final processed = container3.read(processedSignatureImageProvider);
     expect(processed, isNotNull);
     final pdf = container3.read(pdfProvider);
-    final imgId = pdf.placementImageByPage[pdf.currentPage]?.first;
+    final imgId = pdf.placementsByPage[pdf.currentPage]?.first.imageId;
     expect(imgId, isNotNull);
     final lib = container3.read(signatureLibraryProvider);
     final match = lib.firstWhere((a) => a.id == imgId);