class Device {
public:
    virtual void turnOn() = 0;
    virtual void turnOff() = 0;
    virtual bool needsWarmup() {return false;};// 判斷馬達是否需要預熱
    virtual void warmup() = 0;
    virtual ~Device() {}
};

class LED : public Device {
public:
    void turnOn() override {
        // 點亮 LED
    }
    void turnOff() override {
        // 熄滅 LED
    }
};

class Motor : public Device {
public:
    void turnOn() override {
        // 啟動馬達
    }
    void turnOff() override {
        // 關閉馬達
    }
private:
    bool needsWarmup() override {
        return true; // 馬達需要預熱
    }
    void warmup() override {
        // 預熱馬達
    }
};